Comparing Nothings Changed and Half-Caste Essay -- Tatamkhulu Afrika

Contrasting Nothing's Changed and Half-Caste Half-Caste and Nothing's Changed are two sonnets that, notwithstanding having various subjects, are loaded with similitudes. Both Half-Caste and Nothing's Changed express indignation. In spite of the fact that, the object of their resentment is extraordinary. The displeasure in Half-Caste is aimed at language, or more explicitly the utilization of one expression while the annoyance in Nothing's Changed is towards a culture. In Half-Caste Caribbean lingo is utilized. Nothing's Changed is written in standard English. In any case, both essayists decided to utilize free stanza implying that neither one of the poems follows explicit guidelines or examples. In Half-Caste the sonnet is composed from the essayist's perspective. Which implies the peruser can see the essayist's very own sentiments about the term half-station. The initial line, Reason me shows that the sonnet is composed from the author's perspective as reason me is an expression utilized by somebody when they need to begin a discussion. I feel that if the sonnet was composed from someone else's perspective it would lose a portion of it's impact. The feeling in the sonnet would run over less firmly and appear to be less genuine, as it wouldn't be sure whether the author really feels the displeasure communicated in the sonnet or just thinks that individuals may feel that way. Half-Caste is composed as a discussion and accordingly is in first individual. You can see that the sonnet is a discussion in lines, for example, line 33 where it says, Ah tuning in to yu... and line 47, ...yu must return tomorrow. Both of these lines show that the artist is conversing with someone else. I think this is acceptable as it is unique. I likewise think it makes the sonnet increasingly close to home to you as you read it thus, maybe, makes you think increasingly about what Agard is stating... ...runch show the antagonistic vibe of nature and the jars implies there is litter, frequently puts influenced by litter are run down territories, zones that are not dealt with or deserted. In the second verse, he utilizes redundancy of the word and to stress that each some portion of his body has been influenced. Differentiation comes through in his portrayal of the hotel and the encompassing zone. Line 20, ...... the grass and weeds. brings up the distinction between the elegant new motel what's more, it's area. Afrika utilizes differentiate later on in the sonnet as well. In actuality, verse five, totally differentiates refrain four, and is there to exhibit the tremendous contrasts between the lives of whites and blacks. Agard utilizes basic and direct language in Half-Caste. This permits him to express what is on his mind to the peruser more effectively than if he were to use loads of superfluous words and expressions.

Their bottoms are the wrong shape The theory of established outsider Essay

Their bottoms are an inappropriate shape The hypothesis of set up outcast relations and female racers - Essay Example The contention that ladies riders are â€Å"outsiders† inside the dashing figuration is gotten from Elias’ hypothesis of built up and pariah relations and the strategy picked for the examination is a s arrangement of eight semi-organized meetings with female racers who are as of now settled in their professions. The article begins with a citation from a female racer who pronounces to loathe being alluded to as a â€Å"female jockey† and this features the strain that exists in the brains of numerous expert ladies who get themselves a focal point of additional consideration in light of the fact that their sexual orientation is not quite the same as the vast lion's share of members in a specific field. The chronicled and social predominance of manliness in sport for the most part supports this inclination and hustling is very commonplace in this regard. Refering to Cassidy (2002) and Grimes and Ray (1995) the creators show that vertical sexual orientation isolation is an element of work in the game of hustling, with ladies possessing most of low status jobs, for example, groom, while the higher status jobs are commonly involved by men. The presence of male-just coaches is refered to as another case of the efficient rejection of ladies from lofty jobs, with the immediate result that ladies get less mounts than their male partners. After this narrative presentation there is a conversation of hypothetical ideas, for example, social habitus, insider and pariah, bunch disfavor and gathering moxy. The term â€Å"habitus† is drawn again from Elias, instead of Bourdieu, and characterized as â€Å"second nature† (Van Krieken, 1998, p. 47) or â€Å"the level of character attributes which people share in a similar manner as individual individuals from their group† (Mennell, 1992, p. 30). The creators underscore an aggregate perspective on habitus, as far as the manner in which an entire society creates after some time, again followin g Elias, instead of the more close to home, psychogenic methodology of Bourdieu, albeit both psychogenic and sociogenic viewpoints in habitus are perceived as significant. The idea of intensity is talked about as far as its social and processual job, as a steady factor in every human relationship. Here once more, the aggregate perspectives are featured, and the creators refer to the case of gathering power relations between a home and a town in crafted by Elias and Scotson (1964/1994). The terms â€Å"insider† and â€Å"outsider† depict not simply the physical area of these two gatherings, however the distinctions that they see in their own job, and the force relationship that exists between the two. The force contrasts in the Elias and Scotson study was disguised by the two gatherings, with the goal that the insider locals built up a positive â€Å"group charisma† picture while the untouchable home occupants disguised a to a great extent negative we-picture. Th is is acknowledged by Velija and Flynn as a legitimate model which can be applied to different kinds of associated bunches in a figuration, including settings, for example, sex relations. Various investigations are refered to exhibit the pariah bunches will in general relate to the insider bunch as opposed to with one another and that acknowledgment of substandard status was commonly acknowledged by the outcast gathering. Crafted by Ernst (2003) shows that in sport ladies can be ordered as untouchables and that they for the most part have less certainty than men, and are made a decision about both distinctively and all the more harshly. These examples are profound situated, and in any event, when hierarchical change is presented, for example, in the merger of women’s and men’s cricket associations in England and Wales, the built up power relations and mental self portraits remain (Velija and Malcolm, 2009). Racer figuration is analyzed in detail, beginning with the his torical backdrop of women’

6 Alternative Graduate Programs for Psychology Majors

6 Alternative Graduate Programs for Psychology Majors More in Student Resources APA Style and Writing Study Guides and Tips Careers An undergraduate degree in psychology provides excellent preparation for a wide variety of careers. While many undergraduate psychology majors later choose to study psychology in graduate school, some students opt for different educational and career paths. The great thing about a bachelors degree in psychology is that it  provides preparation for graduate study in many different areas. Psychology majors often go on to study education, counseling, or social work in graduate school. Some students even opt for continued study in law or medicine. Alternative Masters Degree Paths for Psychology Majors Before you choose a graduate program, it is important to consider your options and personal interests. If you’re thinking of pursuing graduate study outside of psychology, you may think of some of the following alternative education paths for psychology majors. Social Work Social work is a rapidly growing field with a wide range of opportunity. Social workers help individuals and families overcome problems such as poverty, disability, domestic abuse, and addictions. Psychology majors interested in this career are well qualified for most Masters  of Social Work programs. Master’s level social workers are in high demand in private practices, hospitals, government settings, police departments, nursing homes, and many more areas. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, social work careers  are expected to grow faster than the average over the next decade. If you are interested in a highly rewarding career that allows you to make a difference in peoples lives, consider pursuing a Master’s degree in Social Work. Education There are many education programs where an undergraduate degree in psychology could be beneficial. Some psychology majors choose to become certified teachers and apply their knowledge of human behavior and learning directly in the classroom. Other programs such as educational psychology, school psychology, educational technology, curriculum planning, and educational assessment are all possible educational paths for undergraduate psychology majors. Counseling Counseling is another option for those who want to work as marriage and family therapists, school counselors, or mental health counselors. Becoming a licensed counselor requires a masters degree plus at least two years of supervised experience. If you love working with people, consider programs in marriage and family counseling, school counseling or mental health counseling. Law and Criminal Justice The understanding of human behavior and communication skills acquired during the undergraduate study in psychology also provides excellent training for a career in law and criminal justice. Some psychology majors opt for law school after graduation, while others choose to pursue careers in criminology or forensic psychology. Academic Advising and Student Affairs A career in academic advising or student affairs might be an excellent choice if you enjoy college life and want to help university students achieve their academic goals. Academic advisors help students choose classes, majors, internships and other important educational matters. They also deal with admissions decisions, financial aid, scholarships, and career placement. Some also teach undergraduate courses in study skills and student living. If you are interested in helping students find success in college, a graduate degree in academic advising or student affairs might be the perfect choice for you. Medicine and Health Sciences Psychology majors with a strong interest in science might want to consider a career in medicine or the health sciences. While many pre-med students opt for undergraduate degrees in biology or chemistry, an undergraduate degree in psychology is also good preparation for a career in medicine. If you are considering future study in the health sciences, you can improve your chances of success by taking plenty of courses in science and math while you are an undergraduate. Potential educational paths include medical school or graduate study in occupational therapy or physical therapy. A Word From Verywell Before you decide which career path is best for you, take stock of your needs, interests and career goals. An undergraduate degree in psychology is excellent preparation for a wide variety of careers. The interpersonal, communication, writing and research skills you have acquired as a psychology major can help you succeed in both graduate school and the workforce. Consider your options carefully before making the choice that is best for you.

Strength And Strength Of Muscular Endurance - 1770 Words

Strength Muscular strength is much different from muscular endurance. Strength is the extent to how much force your muscles can use and apply. Strength concentrates more on quick and short spurts of energy. An example of how this component of fitness can be tested in an assessment is in the ‘Upper body push and pull strength test’. For this test the equipment used is a Strength Meter dynamometer. You have three tries when doing this test and the best of three is recorded for each test (the push and then the pull) and the dynamometer must be set to zero each time. This assessment works by the person taking the test having the Strength Meter dynamometer placed over their shoulders where the handles are placed at the front of the body-around†¦show more content†¦The participants must continuously run between two cones or lines which are set up 20 metres apart between two recorded beeps. The CD had all the instructions on and will tell the participants when to start; the first level is a slight jog and gradually gets quicker up through the levels. If you reach one of the lines before the beep has sounded then you must wait for it to sound before you start running again. Before you drop out you have to miss three consecutive beeps (one after another). Speed Speed is the skill to move with a quick pace or move parts of the body quickly. When you think about speed you usually think its how fast someone can run but it’s not just that, as it’s also to do with their acceleration, maximal speed of movement and speed maintenance. This is because speed needs other components to help it move along in a rapid way, which includes: strength and power. An example of how this component of fitness can be tested in an assessment is the ‘100m Swim Time Trial’. This test is used to measure the participant’s ability to sprint swim a given distance, in this case 100m in a timed environment. This is often used for athletes to practise for when they are doing triathlons. More than one participant can take part at one time and the pool should ideally be 50 metres but any pool will do as long as the distance that the participant completes is 100

The Film American History X A Neo Nazi Essay - 1490 Words

In the film American History X a neo-Nazi named Derek struggles with what he believes and how it impacts his family. Throughout the film Derek is swayed into beliefs due to various events that can be interpreted in various ways. From the death of his father, the social injustices examined within the media, and even his father’s own beliefs pressed onto him, Derek develops a discriminatory attitude leading him to go so far as becoming a neo-Nazi. His beliefs can actually be explained by social psychological concepts such as Fundamental Attribution Error, social influence, and Attribution Theory. These concepts provide valuable insight to understand Derek’s point of view. In a very early scene it is shown that Derek’s father was killed by an African-American man. Derek is being interviewed by a reporter on television and he is obviously distraught. The reporter asks Derek about the situation but the video begins to escalate from there. Derek states that his father was a hard-working individual within the field of construction and begins to preach about social injustices towards Caucasian, protestant families by minorities and incoming immigrants. This confuses the reporter as Derek is now focused on the acts of minorities and other races than the situation regarding his father’s death. Fundamental Attribution Error is a term used to describe an attitude or belief of someone viewing a situation or being affected by a situation (Gilovich, Keltner, Chen, and Nisbett, 2013). ThisShow MoreRelatedFilm Review of American History X1110 Words   |  5 PagesThe film American History X is rated by the users of IMDB.com (Internet Movie DataBase) a s one of the 50 best films ever made. It is a crime/drama, a very violent film; not for the faint-hearted. American History X was released in 1998, and it is directed by Tony Kaye. Casting: -Edward Norton (Derek Vinyard) -Edward Furlong (Daniel Vinyard) -Avery Brooks (Dr. Bob Sweeney) -Stacy Keach (Cameron Alexander) -Beverly DAngelo (Doris Vinyard) -Jennifer Lien (Davina Vinyard) Read MoreAmerican History X : Tony Kaye Essay1651 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican History X (Tony Kaye. 1998), is an example of a Hollywood film that boldly embodies Bernardi’s argument; â€Å"US cinema has consistently constructed whiteness, the representation and narrative form of Eurocentrism, as the norm by which all ‘Others’ fail by comparison† (Bernardi page5). The plotline centres on the main character; a former neo-Nazi skinhead named Derek Vinyard, and his attempt to stop his younger brother- Danny Vinyard from getting involved in the white supremacy gangs of LosRead MoreAnalysis Of The Movie American History X 858 Words   |  4 Pagesothers on the meanings and assumptions associated primarily with physical appearances. Often racism is a matter of learning–whether at the very personal/familial level, or the institutional level. The film,American History X, tells the story of two brothers who are both involved with a Neo-Nazi gang in Venice Beach. The movie starts with the older brother Derrick getting out of jail for the murder of two black gang members. At the same time his brother is getting out of jail, the younger brotherRead MoreRacism in American History X951 Words   |  4 PagesAmerican History X is clearly a film dealing with racism. The interesting thing about this film is the way in which the subject is treated. First of all, it is obvious that, though racism is always a difficult subject to deal with, American History X presents it without any reservations or dumming down. Second, the films figurehead for racism, Derek Vinyard (Edward Norton), is not an unintelligent redneck racist as films often portray them, but is in fact well-spoken, charismatic and intelligentRead MoreEssay on Racism in American History X936 Words   |  4 Pages American History X is clearly a film dealing with racism. The interesting thing about this film is the way in which the subject is treated. First of all, it is obvious that, though racism is always a difficult subject to deal with, American History X presents it without any reservations or dumming down. Second, the films figurehead for raci sm, Derek Vinyard (Edward Norton), is not an unintelligent redneck racist as films often portray them, but is in fact well-spoken, charismatic and intelligentRead MoreStereotypes, Conformity, And Discrimination1742 Words   |  7 PagesPrejudices and Discrimination in American History X Abstract Stereotyping, prejudice, conformity, and discrimination are well portrayed in the movie American History X. The negative attitude held by Derek towards to black people is greatly influenced and learned from his father who was a racist. Derek also transfers these prejudice attitudes towards his younger brother Danny as he grows up seeing the racism practiced in his family and his brother. Although these attitudes are based on propagandaRead MoreThe Five Theories Of Deviance1001 Words   |  5 PagesIn the 1998 film American History X, Derek Vineyard is paroled after serving 3 years in prison for brutally murdering two black men who were breaking into his truck. Through his Brother Danny’s narration of a paper he is writing, it is learned that Derek was the leader of a large Neo-Nazi group known as D.O.C., or Disciples of Christ, that committed many acts of racial crime throughout Los Angeles. During his time in prison Derek decides that hate is a waste of time after being vio lently raped byRead MoreAmerican History X By Tony Kaye And Written By David Mckenna1439 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican History X Almost one week before I started to take this class, I watched â€Å"American History X† for the first time. When I learned we are going to do this project, this movie was on my mind and I did not surprise at all when I saw it in our movie list. Since the beginning of the semester, everything related to multiculturalism in this movie is becoming clearer to me. Multiculturalism is a huge issue, especially the country like the US which has many different races. One of the first thingsRead More American History X Essay examples1430 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican History X American History X is clearly a film dealing with the social topic of racism. The interesting thing about this film is the way in which the subject is presented. First of all, it is obvious that, though racism is always a difficult subject to deal with, American History X presents it without any reservations or dummying down. Second, the films figurehead for racism, Derek Vinyard (Edward Norton), is not an unintelligent redneck racist as films often portray them, but is inRead MoreAmerican History X By Tony Kaye1130 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican History X American History X, directed by Tony Kaye, is one of the most controversial, critically-acclaimed movies of the twentieth century. The film is about a man named Derek who serves three-years in prison for murdering two African-American gang members who broke into his truck. Derek’s younger brother, Danny, tells the story of how Derek became this hateful, racist person through various flashback throughout the story. Danny and Derek’s father was killed by an African-American while

Anti Natal Care Health Service Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Anti natal attention is one of the of import wellness services provided by ministry of wellness for long clip. It is provided by primary attention centres which are distributed along the sultanate. In add-on, secondary and third attention centres are lending to this service by following up complicated instances and those with co-morbid conditions like bosom disease and diabetes mellitus. We will write a custom essay sample on Anti Natal Care Health Service Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Pregnant ladies are provided booking green card for follow up boulder clay bringing. Pregnancy is physiological procedure that is associated with some conditions and affected by others like anaemia, diabetes and fleshiness ( 1-6 ) . These status are common in our state ( 7 ) . Besides the result of the gestation is affected by other factors like grade of blood kinship and familial diseases like reaping hook cell anaemia and thalassaemia which are besides common. ( 8,9 ) . The result of the gestation can be improved by go toing pre matrimonial guidance and pre construct guidance which are besides provided by primary attention centres. So our purpose is to place some ANC jobs in the community and seek to undertake them earlier e.g. Anemia, blood kinship, prenuptial and prepossession guidance by analysing the information given at ANC booking collected at third infirmary ( khoula infirmary ) in Muscat, Oman Method: Consequences: Our survey came up with a batch of consequences that we can utilize them to better the prenatal attention. It is demoing that more than 2/3rd of the clients are in their 3rd decennaries and about 1/4th are in 4th decennary. Merely 2 % are above 40 old ages and 4 % are below 20 old ages. Besides the hubbies are chiefly distributed in 3rd and 4th decennaries with similar per centum in each decennary. Around 61 % of the clients complete their secondary school, 11 % are holding advanced instruction and merely 6 % are illiterate ( see fig. ( ) . Besides merely 27 % of them are employers compared to 88 % of their hubbies are employers. Most of our clients presented for their engagement before 13 hebdomads of gestation with per centum of 67 % and 14 % presented before 28 hebdomads of gestation. Sing past medical history, 13 clients claimed to hold including 6 holding diabetes and 3 holding high blood pressure but bulk of them holding household history of diabetes, high blood pressure and ca rdiovascular disease 48, 30 and 7 patients severally. Besides more than half of the clients are holding unnatural organic structure mass index ( BMI ) and merely 42 % holding normal BMI and 11 % holding low BMI. Around have of patients are related and half of these are holding foremost degree blood kinship. On the other manus, merely 5 % had prenuptial guidance and 8 % had pre construct guidance. About 2/3rd did non utilize contraceptive method before their gestation and most of those who used contraceptive method they have used other traditional contraceptive method followed by injection and so combined unwritten preventives, 11, 8 and 7 patients severally. Merely 1/4th of our patients did non be after their gestation and 13 % became pregnant while utilizing contraceptive method. Most of the clients are either gravida I or holding gravid less than 5, 44 and 41 clients severally. 30 clients reported old gestational complications including 23 maternal, 16 fetal and 9 combined complic ations.those who have aneima ( hemoglobin A ; lt ; 11 ) at booking histories for 26 % of the entire sample. The bi-variant analysis besides demoing some of import consequences. First, there is association between gestational age at engagement and both business and degree of instruction but it is non important i.e. employers and those holding high degree of instruction nowadays earlier with ( Fisher ‘s exact = 0.166 ) and ( 0.750 ) severally. There is important association between degree of instruction and para, i.e platinum with higher degree of instruction holding low para with ( Fisher ‘s exact =0.009 ) . Besides this survey is demoing that there is important association between figure of para and degree of haemoglobin and old gestational complications with ( Pr = 0.004 and Fisher ‘s exact = 0.000 ) severally. i.e higher para is associated with old gestational complications and low haemoglobin. However there is no association between para and high blood pressure. We can besides reason that there is non-significant association between fleshiness and each of old cesarean subdivision, diabetes mellitus and high blood pressure with ( Fisher ‘s exact = 0.149, 0.423 and 0.606 ) severally. Discussion As we saw in the consequences that bulk of the patient are in their 3rd and 4th decennaries severally. It non surprising as we know that Oman is one of the developing states and is holding pyramidic distribution of its population and bulk of them are immature. So as effects, we are seeing that 44 % of the clients are primigravida and 41 % are holding gravida between 2 and 5 which besides can be related to patients A ; acirc ; ˆâ„ ¢ business position every bit good. . Besides the fact that 4 % of our patient are younger than 20 old ages, can be explained by first, procedure of instruction and we saw that around 2/3rd of our patient completed secondary school and normally by age of 18 old ages. Second, increased consciousness among the population which is besides can be contributed to wellness instruction provided by ministry of wellness. Third, employment position, although merely around 1/4th of our patients are employed. besides can be explained by complexness of life, that is the males are now acquiring more troubles to acquire married in early age, they have to analyze and so to work and eventually to afford everything in order to hold a household. We besides see about 6 % of our patient are illiterate, this is high figure despite the availabity of free instruction. The bulk of patients hubbies are working and this is traveling with world here in our state that is the hubbies are working outside and the female parents are taking attention of their houses and kids. As we mentioned that bulk of the clients presented for booking earlier 13 hebdomads of age, there is non-significant association with both degree of instruction and position of employment i.e. employers and educated female parents are showing earlier for booking. This all together can be related to increase consciousness of importance of prenatal attention and follow up and close propinquity of primary wellness attention centres. As Medical status can impact the gestation, we noticed that 6 % of our clients are holding DM and 3 % holding high blood pressure. This is low compared to the prevalence of these conditions in general population which is 11.6 and 33. ( 7 ) this can be explained by low sample size and larger size is needed to demo such prevalence and because of immature population in our sample.. On the other manus, we noticed a batch of patients are holding household history of diabetes, high blood pressure and cardiovascular disease. Despite the high prevalence of familial diseases like reaping hook cell anaemia, thalassaemia, ( 8,9 ) merely really few patients are go toing pre-marital and pre construct guidance. Besides, half of them are holding blood kinship and 1/4th are holding 1st degree blood kinship. So these are some of the jobs that need a batch of attempts to be tackled in order to hold healthy persons and to avoid passing a batch of moneys in handling such conditions. This can be done thr ough increasing the consciousness of such guidance, promote people to go to prenuptial guidance. Besides pre-conception guidance is of import to place patients who are at high hazard of acquiring gestation, acquire control of their medical conditions if they have like diabetes, high blood pressure, epilepsy and bronchial asthma and supply addendums like folic acid and if anaemic they need ferric sulfate. Sing contraceptive method, we know that ministry of wellness are making great occupation in supplying this service in primary attention centres. In 1994 and prior to get downing birth spacing in Oman, the prophylactic prevalence rate was of 12.7 % and in 1995, this prevalence increased to 28 % . ( 10 ) But in our survey less than 1/3rd of the clients have used contraceptive method before their gestation. This can be due to the undermentioned grounds. First, 44 % are primigravida.second, deficiency of consciousness. Third, the clients may experience shy in describing contraceptive method usage and methods to the nurses while acquiring the green cards. Besides 11 % coverage usage of other traditional methods of contraceptive method, which is the frequent method, used in our sample and for this ground we are seeing the higher failure rate of 13 % . The Numberss of old complications are high in our sample and it is significantly associated with figure of para, the higher the para means higher rate of complications. Besides it is known that most of the gestational complications are associated with organic structure mass index. ( 1-6 ) this what we found in our he-man, that there is non-significant association between BMI and old cesarean subdivision ( CS ) , so AS BMI increase the patient is more likely to hold CS which besides found in another surveies. ( 2,3,5,6 ) as we see in the consequences, around half of the sample patients are holding high BMI, so this will set them at hazard of complications. On the other manus there are patient with low BMI and besides this will them under the hazard. So malnutrition is another job in our state that should be tackled. Besides the bi-variant analysis is demoing that BMI is non-significantly associated with high blood pressure and diabetes mellitus. So as BMI increase the hazard of holdin g high blood pressure and diabetes besides increase. Anemia in our sample is about 26 % which is low compared to 2006 index ( 11 ) and compared to another survey done at sharqia part ( 12 ) . Besides we noticed that there is important association between anaemia and figure of para i.e. lady with higher figure of para is more likely to hold anaemia. This expected physiological response, because the maternal organic structure is ever fring and in demands for Fe as consequence of frequent gestation, blood loss during deliver and increase demand during breastfeeding. Restrictions: Our survey has several restrictions. First, little sample size and that is because the period of informations aggregation was short. 2nd, it is done in third attention where many complicated instances are referred. Third, the random choice of the patient was non computing machine based. Decisions Form the survey ; we noticed some common jobs which need to be tackled like malnutrition, low contraceptive method usage, high blood kinship rate, illiteracy and anaemia. Besides we can reason that there is important association between figure of para and all of degree of instruction, anaemia and old complications. How to cite Anti Natal Care Health Service Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

US Constitution Reflections on the First Amendment Paper

Introduction The United States of America is ranked top globally in almost all sectors of the economy. It is also believed to be the pace setter in matters pertaining to law. Most of the other countries have been emulating the judiciary and legislative functions of the United States of America.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Constitution Reflections on the First Amendment Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is because of the belief that they possess a constitution that is effective and accommodative for each and every person .Despite this constitution being among the oldest constitutions to be written that is in the year 1787, it is applicable to any country in the world. This is because most nations of the world especially those that do not have their own constitutions use the American constitution. It is for this reason that the constitution of the United States of America is termed as its supreme l aw. That is, it controls the relationship between the leaders of state and the citizens of the country (Smith, 2010, p.1). There are three branches of government which make up the constitution. We have the executive, the legislature and finally the judiciary that is manned by the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is designated to be the head and governor of the judiciary which is part of the law making committee. All constitutions in the world will usually elaborate on the functions and duties of each branch and the American constitution is no exception. Provisions of the First Amendment The Supreme Court is thus responsible for making any amendments on the constitution when it is necessary. The first amendments made on the constitution of the United States of America in the year 1789 concerned the bill of rights. This entailed the right to peaceful demonstrations, freedom of speech, the press freedom, freedom of expression, the right to dissent and freedom of religion just to mentio n but a few.Advertising Looking for essay on constitutional law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Since the original constitution did not have provisions for these bills of rights, amendment was thus necessary to allow these provisions. These provisions had to be made so as to accommodate all the citizens into one peaceful nation. This was done because of the mere reason that as human beings the American citizens needed to have the freedom and rights they required. Examples of the Supreme Court cases The Supreme Court handled so many cases during the first amendment. The cases that the Supreme Court heard and interpreted were categorized into various groups according to the clauses of the bill of rights. Some of the cases include the following; Case concerning freedom of press The Supreme Court handled so many cases during and after the first amendment of the original constitution (Stewards, 2010, p.2). One of the cases involve d the New York Times Company versus the United States of America concerning the freedom of press. The United States restricted the New York Times Company from publishing information about the war in Vietnam at that time. The Supreme Court applied the doctrine of prior restraint to make a ruling on the case (Owen, 2000, p.1). This could not have been the situation after the first amendments as the bill of rights had a clause on the freedom of press whereby one can publish whatever information. Case concerning freedom of expression An example under this category of cases was that of Whitney versus California in the year 1927. In this case Whitney was accused and found guilty of launching a party which the nation had fears that it could overthrow the government. This was one of the greatest cases ever heard as it was ruled by the famous Justice Louis D. Brandeis who wrote the greatest defense of freedom of speech. In his ruling, he argued that people are bound to be set free to express their own opinions. This was due to the mere reason that the citizens who had struggled hard to achieve the independence of the country were not cowards. They were strong willed and were not afraid of any changes in the political climate. Case concerning the right to dissent The citizens of a nation are allowed to protest in a bid to fight their rights. The case of West Virginia State Board of Education versus Barnette falls under this category (Smith, 2010, p.1). This was a very exciting case as it involved school children who had failed to give a flag sautà ©. Flag salutation in the United States of America was a requirement of the law. However, the children of the Barnette School could participate in the flag salutation as their religion did not allow such. The ruling was thus made in favor of the school and therefore allowed to dissent and make their issues known publicly without any fears.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on US Constitution Reflections on t he First Amendment Paper specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Rights that the Constitution provides you as an American citizen Each and every citizen of a nation has their own rights under the constitution of the same country. That is the same reason that the before any constitution is applicable, it has to be voted and analyzed by the citizens so as to ensure its acceptance. After the analysis, the constitution can now be put in place since it has been accepted by the majority if not all the citizens of that country. When the American constitution was first put in place, it had omitted the bill of rights and so had o be amended so that the citizens could have their rights and freedom. The original constitution only had three provisions concerning the rights of the citizens (Lutz, 1994, p.72). Among these was the clause that one had to prove in a court of law before the authority so as to hold and detain someone. After the first amendment , we the American citizens attained so much freedom and rights granted by the law. Some of these include; the freedom of speech whereby one has the ability to speak out their minds on any issue. This is of great importance especially when one is being oppressed or in detention. The right to the freedom of religion is also important as there are a variety of denominations and religious sects. This right gives every citizen to join whatever group they wish and worship as well as practice their sect’s practices freely. The other right is that of the freedom to petition the government, this happens in case where an individual or a group of people think that the government is not taking the right cause of direction. As citizens of America we are allowed to make a petition against the government so as to get full explanation of whatever actions and decisions made. The other one is the freedom of assemblage whereby the people are allowed to assemble in whatever forums as well as mak e their own decisions in such meetings without restrictions or interference. All the aforementioned rights greatly changed the situation of America from what is was before the current position. As a matter of fact it greatly improved and changed the living conditions of the American citizens.Advertising Looking for essay on constitutional law? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Responsibilities that the Constitution provides you as an American citizen On the other hand, the constitution provides responsibilities to the American citizens (Alley, 2008, p.2). The constitution of a country should be responsible for its citizens. This is the same way the American constitution has a number of responsibilities on its citizens. Among these is that the American citizens have the responsibility of managing their own matters either civil or local. Through this, the citizens are not to be intruded in whatever they do in their private life. In the same way, the citizens are bound to pay taxes and duties to the government as a way of providing income to the government. Citizens who are patriotic will openly disclose their income for taxation in the role of responsible for their own country. The citizens also have the responsibility of protecting their own constitution. This means that they are ready to fight for any process of interfering with the constitution. This is a civic duty as before a new citizen is nationalized he or she recites an oath in which they promise to protect and defend the American Constitution. A civic duty literally means that the citizens obey the laid down rules and laws of the land. Apart from the mentioned responsibilities, the citizens are bound to be active in the democratic process of the state. Each citizen is therefore entitled to be aware of any campaign processes and the campaigning candidates. The citizens should also be familiar with the set election day of the country. The knowledge of this information by the citizens encourages most of them to be present during such sessions and functions. By participating in these, the results obtained are usually largely represented hence being able to make decisions that are suitable for the larger part of the population of the country. Why did each case need to be heard and interpreted by the Supreme Court? The Supreme Court is a major court that handles only the sensitive and the more serious cases especially those that relate to the government or constitution of the nation. In short, the Supreme Court is an original jurisdiction as well as a court of appeal. The constitution clearly defines the two classes of cases that can be heard in the Supreme Court (Lutz, 1994, p.74).The classes are the cases concerning ambassadors or other dignitaries in the government and cases affecting the state. Therefore the cases during the first amendment had to be heard and interpreted by the Supreme Court as they all related to matters relating to the constitution of the United States of America thus the whole state. The hearing and handling of each of the cases was an obligation by law. How the Supreme Court’s decision in each case continue to affect the rights of American citizens today The Supreme Court was the only court where cases relating to the matters of the constitution were heard and ruled. So when these cases on the first amendment were presented f or hearing in this court the end result was bound to have several effects both in the long run and short run. In the short run, effects were mostly felt by either the defendant or the accused. The effects have in the long run affected the current citizens of America. Depending on the ruling made, the resulting effects may either be positive or negative. Negative effect may come about when the provisions for the bill of rights are not followed up to date and thus oppressing the citizens of America. Such ruling on cases meant that the American citizens do not posses any rights as per the constitution which is against the law. On the other hand, ruling on cases where the provisions of the first amendments were followed meant that the law was observed to the last point. This therefore meant that the American citizens were given their rights as per the constitution. Since the Supreme Court handled an endless list of cases during the first amendment the decision made on each case led to d ifferent types of effects on the current citizens of America. This is because some of the Judges today use some of these cases as examples during their course of study. It is for the same reason that they may at times apply these in their daily practice hence leading to a repeat of the same. This repetition is what now leads to the effect being felt by the current citizens of the United States of America. A clear justification is from the aforementioned examples of cases whereby justice did not seem to be applied in some of the cases. So in circumstances where a repeat of the same is done, then there has to be some cry from the oppressed party in the case. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that the Supreme Court is of great importance in any country. This can be seen in the role it played during the first amendment of the constitution of the United States of America. The amendments had to be made so as to fulfill the citizens’ desire and wish to live i n a nation of freedom and rights. The provisions of the first amendments which circled around the bill of rights for example the right to dissent, freedom of speech, expression and the freedom of press were also of great importance (Owen, 2000, p.1). This was because it gave the citizens a sense of belonging in their own country as their issues were attended to. Another advantage of the first amendments was that of interpretation of the citizens’ rights and responsibilities. The hearing and interpretation of the first amendment cases also had its effects on the lives of the current Americans. It has always been said that the past is able to predict the future; this statement is practical when it comes to the constitution of the United States of America. This is because it is from the past that they were able to realize their rights and responsibilities as citizens of America as per the constitution. A reflection of how the United States of America conducted the first amendmen t is a good lesson to the other nations of the world from which they follow suit. The process was democratic yet peaceful and in the end successful as it gave the country an improved version of the constitution which accommodated all the citizens. Reference List Alley, R. (2008). Thomas Jefferson. James Madison and the first amendment to the United States Constitution. Web. Lutz, D. (1994). Toward a theory of constitutional amendment. Journal pp.67-78. Owen, D. (2000). The First Amendment, Annotated. Web. Smith, C. (2010). First Amendment Center. Web. Stewards, E. (2010). Notable First Amendment cases. Web. This essay on US Constitution Reflections on the First Amendment Paper was written and submitted by user Brenton Hogan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. 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